Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and the Real Risk of Heart Disease

In cardiovascular medicine, some numbers are sacred. LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) has long been the cornerstone of risk assessment and treatment targets. But what if we’ve been following the wrong number? This updated article revisits and expands on a piece I wrote in 2021 — enriched by new evidence, deeper clinical insights, and a clearer understanding of … Read more

The Ghost in the Guidelines: How the Fat Debate Shaped the Story of Heart Disease

Just days ago, something remarkable happened. FDA Commissioner Marty Makary stood at a podium and said what would’ve once been unthinkable. “That dogma still lives large,” he declared, referring to America’s decades-long war on saturated fat. “You see remnants of it in the food guidelines that we are now revising.” It wasn’t just a revision. … Read more

Non-HDL Cholesterol: The Hidden Heart-Disease Predictor You’ve Overlooked

Sometimes, the most dangerous number isn’t the one your doctor talks about. While LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) steals the spotlight in most lab reports, it’s not always the best predictor of cardiovascular risk. Hidden in plain sight is a more powerful marker: non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C)—a measure that captures all the cholesterol carried by atherogenic, plaque-building particles, not … Read more